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History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back
MINERALOGY OF VOLCANIC EXHALATIONS AND ALTERED ROCKS OF RECENT GAS-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS IN KAMCHATKA |
L.P. Vergasova, G.A. Karpov, S.K. Filatov
Presented is the survey of mineralogy of volcanic exhalations and facies of secondary minerals of hydrothermally altered rocks, based upon 50 years’ studies of gas-hydrothermal mineral-ore-genesis at active volcanoes and hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka. All the discovered minerals of two typical volcanogenic formations (posteruptive – pneumatolytic and volcanogenic-hydrothermal) are listed. Interpretation of crystal structures of some new minerals of volcanic exhalations allowed revealing a specifi c feature of modern mineral generation processes under this environment – formation of stable cation tetrahedrons of the [ОМ4]-type reversed by their charge to the well-known classic anion tetrahedrons [SiO4], which triggered the development of novel crystal chemistry of pneumatolytic mineral genesis. Primary causes of the natural formation of minerals bearing the tetrahedrons of the new type are considered.
Keywords: formations; facies; volcanogenic hydrothermal systems; exhalation mineralization; cation oxo-centered tetrahedrons; novel crystal-chemistry; oxochlorides; oxosulphates.
Contacts: Е-mail: karpovga@kscnet.ru, Е-mail: filatov.stanislav@gmail.com
Pp. 52-65. |
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