History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back PERMAFROST FUNGI: BIODIVERSITY, METABOLITES, ADAPTATION G.A. Kochkina, N.E. Ivanushkina, T.V. Antipova, V.P. Zheliphonova, A.G. Kozlovsky, S.M. Ozerskaya The article sets out the history of the study the number of mycelial fungi established using traditional microbiological methods in deep horizons and in the samples of the active layers of the Arctic and Antarctica. An extensive experimental data shows that the total number of fungi in the deep horizons of the Antarctic sediments as a whole is lower than in the Arctic. The microfocal distribution of fungi in permafrost deposits is confirmed, and their taxonomic composition is also discussed. Biodiversity is analyzed and the taxa with a high frequency of occurrence are detected. Among them there are fungi from genera Penicillium and Geomyces (tm Pseudogymnoascus) adapted to life in extreme ecotopes. The features of their metabolism under the influence of different stressors and the reaction of Geomyces on the changing of abiotic factors at the genetic level are discussed. Keywords: Arctic, Antarctica, mycelial fungi, biodiversity, frequently of occurrence, adaptive potential, metabolism. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.11.2020.1238 Pp. 19-35.