History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back THE FORMATION OF THE GEORGIAN FACTORY INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX–EARLY XX CENTURIES A.M. Ismailova The article examines the penetration of capitalist relations into the Georgian factory industry in the second half of the XIX–early XX centuries. The process of gradual transition from manufacture to factory industry, the origin and development of capitalist relations, the formation of classes of bourgeois society in Georgia is studied. The process of the manifestation of general patterns and specific features of this direction is considered on the basis of the study of rich archival material, pre-revolutionary and Soviet literature. A step-by-step process is being tracked, how capitalism arose and developed in Georgia’s industry, how the transition from simple and primitive stages of capitalism to the most developed forms of capitalist production took place. Along with the analysis of various industries, the article also examines the issues of changes in the level and pace of development of capitalist industry in Georgia during the period under study. In some industries. Keywords: South Caucasus, Tiflis province, Kutaisi province, metalworking industry, capitalists, factory industry, wine and brandy production, copper ore, economy, joint-stock companies, foreign capital, textile industry, mechanical engineering, food industry, manganese industry, unemployment. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.2.2022.1337 Pp. 03-11.