History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR OBTAINING LOW TEMPERATURES E.A. Udalova, A.V. Yakhin, N.V. Boyarinova The stages of the evolution of scientific thought and implementation techniques in the field of using the principles of obtaining low temperatures are considered. The importance of the cryoindustry as one of the factors influencing scientific and technological progress and the development of world industrial production in the 18th–21st centuries is shown. The features of the stages of development of cryotechnologies in Russia and abroad are presented, promising directions in the field of their further development and improvement are formulated. Keywords: absolute zero, cryology, degrees of cold, gas condition, temperature, vacuum. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.9.2022.1375 Pp. 14-21.