History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back Myth № 1: In 1938, Lev Landau Was Arrested as a «German Spy» B.S. Gorobets Being asked what he was charged with, Landau answered, that he was accused of being a «German spy». Several persons from Landau’s circle adopted this version and repeated it (academicians Piotr Kapitsa, Evgeniy Lifshits, Evgeniy Feinberg). This myth turned to be firm, it has been published in 2007, once more, in memoirs by academician Isaak Khalatnikov and in TV film by Sergey Kapitsa, the fact being the more strange for recently published «The Case of Landau» lists no such a charge. As a matter of fact Landau was arrested after an informer had denunciated of edtion of anti-Stalin leaflet, prepared by Landau and his friends. Key words: Landau, Kapitsa, NKVD, arrest