History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back Transport in socio-economical development of Siberia: history and nowadays Timoshenko A.I. The article discusses the importance of transport communications in the process of settlement population and further economic develop-ment of Siberia in historical perspective. The author emphasizes that transport networks had a big impact on the social and economic devel-opment of the region, contributed to habitation of this territory by Russian population and dissemination of Russian agrarian culture. Railway construction had a special pioneering purpose, which opened a new page in the life of region, allowing it to plan for enough long term. Railways created an advanced effect for the economic development of the rich in natural resources territory and it played an important and decisive role in its economy and social life. The construction of the Trans-Siberian railway was the basis for the creation of railroad network here and development of transport system in the whole, which greatly accelerated the process of social and economic development and it needs to take into account now in the context of globalization and the formation of the world economy model. In nowadays the transport is considered in transport policy of Russian government both as a tool for the realization of national interests and as the means for integration of Russia into the world economy. The author concludes that it is extremely important to consider the historical experience of formation of transport system for further planning of transport development in Siberia, which determining modern condition and perspectives of the transport system. Keywords: development of Siberia; transport; transport construction; transport corridors; global processes. Contacts: E-mail: timoshenkoai@ngs.ru Pp. 12-22.