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History of Science and Engineering

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The Patrimonial Courts and Punishments in the Kabarda (1793–1807): From the History of Integration of the Region Into Structure of the Russian Empire
Abazov A.H.

In the article the history of integration of the people of the Central Caucasus Mountains in the judicial system of the Russian Empire during the pre-revolutionary period contacts administrative transformations. It is noted that the establishment of patrimonial vessels and punishments in 1793 took place in the Kabarda within the administrative and judicial reform which step by step is carried out by the government of Catherine II after 1775 in regions, attached to the Russian Empire. Local elite joined in social and legal space of Russia, acquiring the right for participation in elections of assessors in the judicial boards first and second of instances. It is considered conditions and circumstances of carrying out the judicial reform of 1793, it is brought detailed data on a complete set of each the patrimonial court and punishment and the Mozdoksky top boundary court. The limits of their maintaining and some features of law-enforcement practice are analyzed. The main signs and consequences of the crisis of their functioning reveal. The circumstances of their transformation in the 1807 are investigated. The conclusion is drawn that administrative and judicial reforms in the Kabarda at the end of XVIII – the beginnings of the XIX century they had ambiguous consequences: one the Kabardian princes arrived on the Russian service, receiving military ranks and a salary; others openly expressed unwillingness to be reconciled with a new mode, as was the main cause of crisis of functioning of new judicial system in the region.
Keywords: patrimonial courts; patrimonial punishments; judicial system; Kabarda; Kabardians; Central Caucasus Mountains; Russian Empire.

Contacts: E-mail: alex_abazov@list.ru

Pp. 37-44.

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