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History of Science and Engineering

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THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE: THE SOVIET EXPERIENCE OF ITS DEVELOPMENT AND THE MODERN SITUATION
A.I. Tymoshenko

The article analyzes the soviet experience of the Northern Sea Route and Arctic’s development, connected with mobilization methods and
approaches for reaching development of the northern territories, which are rich in natural and mineral resources. At the same time particular
attention is paid to the stages of the Northern Sea Route’s arrangement as a nationally important traffi c artery, starting from the 1920-s until the
end of the Soviet period. The article focuses upon the application of scientifi c and technical progress’ achievements in establishment of transport
and industrial infrastructure on the North of the USSR. It is noted, that in the postwar period, the Soviet government especially invested in
geological study of the Arctic territories, water areas of the Arctic Ocean and also into construction of transport communication and industrial
enterprises. The conclusion is drawn that the Soviet experience of mobilization solutions proved its effectiveness. In this connection the
historical experience is very important and can be used in a modern innovation policy for further economic and military-strategic development
of the Russian Arctic.
Keywords: USSR; Arctic; Northern Sea Route; icebreaker fl eet; polar aviation; the state policy.

Contacts: Е-mail: timoshenkoai@ngs.ru

Pp. 13-22.

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