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History of Science and Engineering

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HISTORY OF RUSSIA IN MODERNIZING AND CIVILIZATIONAL DYNAMICS
K.I. Zubkov, I.V. Poberezhnikov

The article offers the survey of the main scientifi c results of the Urals’ school of historians in studying of the specifi c features inherent to the Russian modernizations of the 18th−20th centuries within the world context. Upon the synthesized basis of modernization and civilization approaches and the criticism of a thesis about the uniqueness of West-centered modernization pattern, the foundation is laid for the neomodernization analytical paradigm treating modernization as a highly differentiated and multi-variant process of advancing the backward countries of the world ‘semi-periphery’ from traditional society to the modern one. By using the stuffs on the Russian history, the analysis is focused on the infl uence of the original civilization ‘matrixes’ of the modernizing societies on the pathway and dynamics of modernization process, as well as the return impact of the modernization on the change of civilizational genotype of such societies. The analysis is given for such civilization-bound features of the Russian modernization pattern as the unevenness in the development of the sub-modernization processes, the amplifi cation of the differentiation of the socio-economic forms, the complicated interaction of the traditional and modern principles, the decisive role of the state as the major modernizing actor, the diffusion mechanism of introducing the innovations, the modernization under conditions of the uncompleted mastering of the country’ territory (frontier modernization).
Keywords: macro-history; Russia; paradigm; modernization; civilization; absolutism; industrialization; diffusion; centre; periphery; region; colonization; frontier.

Contacts: E-mail: zubkov.konstantin@gmail.com, E-mail: pober1871@mail.ru

Pp. 051-062.

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