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History of Science and Engineering

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PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS D.I. MENDELEEVA
P.G. Nikiforova, T.G. Sobakina

The article provides a review of the basic philosophical ideas of D.I. Mendeleev. Some ontological, epistemological and socio-political views of the scientist are analyzed. It is shown that the fundamental idea of a scientist's worldview is the idea of the unity of subject and object, spirit and nature, internal and external worlds. Mendeleev solved ontological issues within the framework of philosophical "realism". It is proved that Mendeleev’s “realism” is approaching dialectical materialism. The analysis revealed that the theory of cognition of Mendeleev is based on the idea of the relationship of empirical facts with theoretical thinking. It is shown that Mendeleev was not only an outstanding natural scientist, but also an active public figure who saw in the development of industry the guarantee of Russia's future prosperity.
Keywords: DI. Mendeleev, philosophy of science, history of science, ontology, epistemology, socio-economic development of Russia, the periodic law, the periodic system of chemical elements.


DOI: 10.25791/intstg.03.2020.1169

Pp. 39-44.

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