History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back VNIIO BREEDING WORK – BRANCH OF FSBI FNCO – 90 YEARS A.N. Khovrin, A.F. Razin, R.A. Meshcheryakova, A.A. Egorova VNIIO – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution for Health and Social Development - the largest center in Russia for vegetable growing of open and protected soil, including the creation of highly productive varieties and hybrids of vegetables and melons for various regions of Russia that meet modern demands of industrial production and private consumers. Over 90 years of the institute's work and 80 years of work of its experimental stations, more than 450 varieties and hybrids have been created and improved. At the first stage, the breeding department selected the most productive varieties of local and foreign breeding and propagated them to provide crops for collective farms, and then state farms, owners of household plots and summer cottages. The collected collection of the best varieties allowed us to begin a systematic selection work. There was a need to develop a methodology for experimental work on selection and seed production of vegetable crops. For the years 1948–1986 under the leadership of the Honored Worker of the RSFSR, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor B.V. Kvasnikova created more than 100 new varieties and hybrids of different maturity and economic purposes, high commercial, technological and taste qualities, resistant to diseases, suitable for mechanized cultivation and harvesting. For the first time, kilo-resistant varieties of white cabbage, high-yielding varieties of carrots with a high carotene content (20–24 mg%), domestic tomato and cucumber hybrids for winter and film greenhouses, which made it possible to sharply reduce the cost of importing seeds from abroad, varieties of vegetable crops, were created suitable for mechanized cleaning. The period from 1986 to 2014 it was difficult for breeding work (leader Tarasenkov I.I., Honored Worker of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, candidate of agricultural sciences). During this period, more than 200 varieties and hybrids were created for 39 vegetable and melon and 4 flower crops. In 2016, at the initiative of Doctor of Agricultural Sciences Bukharova A.F. Work was begun on seed science of vegetable crops. Since 2016, more than 50 new varieties and hybrids have been created. The main results on the selection of root crops, tomato, cabbage, cucumber, onion, green and melon crops directly at the institute and at experimental stations are given. The assessment of the work of breeders' collectives, their main achievements and research directions for the future is given. The team of the department published more than 250 printed scientific papers, including 7 books and monographs on vegetable growing, introduction, selection and seed production of vegetable crops. Keywords: selection, variety, hybrid, resistance, diseases, selection methods, linear material, artificial infectious background, donors, parthenocarpic and bee pollinated type of cucumber. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.10.2020.1225 Pp. 075-089.