History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back THE HISTORY OF SEED PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLES IN VNIIO – A BRANCH OF THE FEDERAL STATE BUDGET SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC CENTER R.A. Meshcheryakova, A.F. Razin, A.F. Bukharov The state of seed production in pre-revolutionary Russia, when vegetable seed production was mainly consumer, is summarized. Seed trading was in the form of a small market and in the form of seed trading companies, trading in seeds for the most part of foreign origin. In the years 1918–1919. the young Soviet state is urgently starting to organize state production of seeds of garden plants. The acute shortage of seeds of garden crops in connection with the development of the vegetable growing industry was felt so sharply that the main task of the moment was not even the improvement of varietal and sowing qualities of seeds, but only their production. In 1931, in connection with the reorganization of the pilot business, the Institute of Vegetable Economy and a network of their experimental stations were created, which began to propagate the seeds of vegetable crops. Against the background of the general state of seed production of vegetable crops in the country, the Institute of Vegetable Management and its experimental stations increased seed production of I reproduction from 133 centners in 1931 to 2936 centners in 1934 and to 3464 centners in 1935. At the same time, agricultural techniques were worked out. During World War II, the institute’s experimental stations continued to grow elite and varietal seeds. In the postwar years, the Institute developed theoretical and practical issues of seed production. An economically justifi ed system of zonal zoning of seed production, technology for industrial production of seeds of the main vegetable crops, increasing the sowing qualities of seeds during their pre-sowing processing and preserving them during long and short-term storage was developed. The bulk of elite and varietal seeds were produced at experimental stations and pilot production farms. To organize elite and varietal seed production, to control the quality of technological operations for growing, to work out them and prepare for the implementation of the Sortsemovoshch system, as well as to comply with the rules for storing seeds, maintaining documentation and coordinating production plans for elite seeds and seeds of the first reproduction with the USSR Ministry of Agriculture and Sortsemovoshch organized at the Institute of Trust elite-seed farms. Volumes of seed production of vegetable crops reached 530-550 tons, including 240–250 tons of elite. The development of elements of seed production technologies continued until 2010. In 2010, with the organization of a laboratory for seed research and primary seed production, the main attention was paid to the development of biology of the reproductive development of plants, improvement of methods for studying the quality and different quality of seeds, elements, and technologies for the production of original seeds of varieties and F1 hybrids. Keywords: vegetable and melon crops, seed growing, seed science, seeds, elite, I reproduction, technologies, technology element. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.10.2020.1226 Pp. 090-098.