History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back TO THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA R.R. Mukhamedzyanov, A.R. Biktasheva, A.A. Gabitov, A.S. Salov, E.A. Udalova An analysis of the chronology of the domestic oil and gas industry is presented. The initial period in the history of the oil and gas industry is associated with Baku (Absheron Peninsula), which at the beginning of the 20th century produced more than half of the world’s oil. In the 1930s, the formation of a new oil-producing base in the East, in the Ural-Volga region, began. It is noted that the development of the fuel and energy complex of the USSR became possible under conditions of strict centralized management and redistribution of resources. It is shown that since the mid-1970s, the West Siberian oil and gas complex has become the largest oil and gas center in the country, in which the largest investment and production program has been implemented. An important role in the development of the domestic oil and gas complex of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO), which was the flagship of the domestic gas industry in the 1960s–2000s, is highlighted. Keywords: development; economic development; fuel; industrialization; oil and gas industry; resources; study; Western Siberia. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.7.2022.1366 Pp. 41-48.