History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SILK–WINDING AND SILK-SPINNING INDUSTRY IN THE PROVINCES OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS (THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES) A.M. Ismailova The article is devoted to one of the most important branches of the manufacturing industry of the South Caucasus – the silk-winding and silk-spinning industry. The article examines the penetration of capitalist relations into the provided industry in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The main centers where this direction of the textile industry was developed are highlighted. In the silk-winding and silk-spinning industry during this period, there is a factory character, the use of steam engines, the use of machinery and the formation of production concentration. There are severe and unfavorable working conditions for workers at silk-winding and silk-spinning enterprises, where female and child labor was used. The article concluded that the silk-winding and silk-spinning industry of the South Caucasus in the period under study was one of the developed and profi table branches of light industry not only in the Russian Empire, but also on a global scale. Keywords: Russian Empire, silk-winding and silk-spinning industry, provinces, South Caucasus, Tiflis province, Kutaisi province, silk, South Caucasus, Baku province, Elizavetpol province, manufacturing industry, sericulture, silk-processing enterprises. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.10.2022.1380 Pp. 09-17.