History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back "MADE IN STALINGRAD": MEDICAL AND SURGICAL MAINTENANCE OF THE SOVIET ARMY DURING THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD I.V. Chernysheva, I.K. Cheremushnikova The article offers an overview of variety of problems military medicine faced during the Second World War and the Battle of Stalingrad, as well as unique examples of overcoming these difficulties. The main problems of the organization of medical care were associated with the lack of qualifi ed personnel, primarily military surgeons; with a shortage of medicines, the lack of effective medical equipment, which had to be replaced by the particular inventions. A detail picture of the organization of surgical care and ways of increasing its effectiveness by the invention of unique author’s methods of gunshot wounds treatment, the efforts of medical scientific and technical thought in extreme field conditions has been reconstructed. The special attention is paid to the success of the surgical service, which not only created new approaches to treatment, but also methods of training of the stuff, transporting and arranging the wounded soldiers in the conditions of long-lasting war. The authors used published and unpublished archival materials, as well as memoirs and diaries, as a valuable historical source that allows reconstructing the history of the Battle of Stalingrad in relations to its significance for the history of medicine and army’s medical care. It is concluded that even in the absence of the required conditions and specialized equipment; the effectiveness of the army’s medical care can be significantly improved through field inventions and well-coordinated organization of a network of medical institutions in conditions of the war. Keywords: field surgery, new-invented surgery techniques, medical maintenance, medical inventions, evacuation hospitals, blood substitute. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.5.2023.1421 Pp. 49-56.