History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back Human Resources Potential of Soviet Science in the Period of "Stagnation" Pogosyan D.G. Relevance and Objectives. The aim of this study was to examine statistical data on the number of scientists in the USSR as a whole and in the Soviet socialist republics. Materials and Methods. This article was prepared using statistical data on the ethnic composition of scientists in the USSR for 1973 and 1988, as well as the number of representatives of different nationalities in the USSR according to the 1970 population census. This allowed us to calculate the number of researchers, including those holding candidate and doctoral degrees, for 23 nationalities, individually and in total per 10,000 people. Taking into account the population and scientist sizes in individual republics, we analyzed the number of doctors and candidates of science per 10,000 employed people, and calculated the number of scientists working outside their republic per 10,000 people in the diaspora. Keywords: scientists, researcher, candidate of science, doctor of science, population, nationality, USSR, diaspora, republic. DOI: 10.25791/intstg.2.2026.1602 Pp. 39-45.