History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back History of meteorological supervision in Southern Ural Mountains (in the XIX–beginning of XX centuries) L.A. Galieva The history of occurrence and development of meteorological supervision in territory of Southern Ural in the XIX–the beginning of the XX century is considered. Studying of archival materials and the published sources has allowed to define the leading part in formation of meteorological observations of region of such establishments as the Orenburg Department IRGS, The Ural society of fans of natural sciences, a magnitno-meteorological observatory at the Kazan university. Key words: observatory; observations; meteorological supervision; a meteorological network; The Orenburg province; the Ufa province; Southern Ural; scientific organizations. E-mail: LA30-6@mail.ru