History of Science and Engineering Annotation << Back THE DOUBLE AND COMBINED FRENCH HORN OF SYSTEMS OF FA AND SI-BEMOL IN PRACTICE OF MODERN PERFORMANCE L.D. Belenov Article is devoted to practice of application of the double and combined french horn of systems of Fa and Si-bemol in modern horn performance. The most characteristic forms of the double and combined modern french horns, the general range of the modern double and combined french horns with application of systems of Fa and Si-bemol in the context of performing practice are lit. Long time on the double and combined french horns only Fa’s system was used. Performers took usually some sounds of the top register (for simplifi cation) in a system the Xi flat, representing them nevertheless in Fa’s system. In process of development of game in a system the Xi fl at hornists gradually increased quantity of the sounds executed in this system. However the thinking of the performer still remained Fa attached to a system. Such mentality concerning systems has remained generally and presently for the reason that performers have been too strong attached to Fa’s system and as if were afraid to come off him. Process of transition to a system the Xi flat was gradual and long. Practice of execution has shown that on a french horn building the Xi fl at sounds of the top register are elicited more surely, technical passages sound more distinctly, and intonation in many cases is more true. All this occurs owing to the fact that natural sounds of a french horn building the Xi fl at on the actual sounding corresponding to natural sounds of french horns of a system of Fa of big numbers in the top register will defend from each other at bigger distance that provides confi dence and definiteness of their sound extraction. The main part of article is devoted to a problem of comparison of timbre characteristics of a sound of a french horn in Fa and Si-bemol’s systems, to studying and comparison of other components of sound education, opening of similarity or distinction. All specifi ed aspects are presented by us to show an objective picture of sound and technical capabilities of french horns of two systems, to try to give by the analysis perhaps in more detail the outlined image of a modern french horn and to refl ect a tendency of our time in methods of game in her. The key aspect opened in article is connected with a tool timbre, and shown through the researches on a question of comparison of timbres of french horns conducted by us in Fa and Si-bemol’s systems going in two directions: one determined comparative characteristics of a sound by spectral structure of fl uctuations, another – directly acoustical feelings. Keywords: the double and combined french horns; Fa and Si-bemol’s systems; timbre; the characteristic of a sound; spectral structure; acoustical feelings; sound extraction. Contacts: E-mail: leon.belenov@yandex.ru Pp. 69-81.